How Far Can the Commission Go When Imposing Remedies for Antitrust Infringements?

Article 7 remedies for infringements of Articles 101 and 102 TFUE have a specific function (‘bring- ing the infringement effectively to an end’), which is distinct from interim measures, fines, and actions for damages. Alongside merger remedies and Article 9 commit- ments, Article 7 remedies can shape markets in very significant ways. In this paper, the author examines the purposes of Article 7 remedies, the types of remedies, and the procedures used to impose and enforce them.